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Related Experiment Videos

Herpes Simplex Virus in Children.

Richard J. Whitley1

  • 1Children's Hospital at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Avenue, South, ACC 616, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA. rwhitley@peds.uab.edu

Current Treatment Options in Neurology
|April 5, 2002
PubMed
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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in children range from asymptomatic to severe. Treatment varies by severity and age, with intravenous acyclovir for critical cases and oral antivirals for others, though adult data guides pediatric dosing.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are common in children, presenting a spectrum from asymptomatic to life-threatening conditions.
  • Neonatal HSV infections manifest as localized skin, eye, and mouth (SEM) disease, encephalitis, or disseminated multiorgan disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline therapeutic strategies for various herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in pediatric populations.
  • To discuss treatment considerations based on disease severity, age, and host immune status.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current treatment guidelines and clinical practices for pediatric HSV infections.
  • Analysis of antiviral medication (acyclovir, valaciclovir, famciclovir) dosing and administration routes for different pediatric age groups and infection severities.

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Main Results:

  • Intravenous acyclovir is the standard for severe neonatal and mucocutaneous HSV infections in immunocompromised hosts.
  • Oral acyclovir dosing is age-dependent for ambulatory children, while valaciclovir and famciclovir dosages for children lack established recommendations, often mirroring adult doses.
  • Topical trifluridine is used for herpes simplex keratoconjunctivitis, with oral acyclovir considered for frequent recurrences.

Conclusions:

  • Management of pediatric HSV infections requires tailored approaches based on clinical presentation and patient factors.
  • While effective, the use of newer antivirals like valaciclovir and famciclovir in children relies on adult data and clinical judgment.
  • Further pediatric-specific studies are needed to establish optimal dosing and efficacy for newer antiviral agents in treating various HSV manifestations.