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TH2 lymphocytes secrete functional VIP upon antigen stimulation.

E Vassiliou1, X Jiang, M Delgado

  • 1Rutgers University, Newark 07102, USA.

Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry
|April 6, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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T helper 2 (TH2) cells, but not TH1 cells, produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) after specific antigen stimulation. This VIP release in lymphoid organs suggests a role for TH2 cells in immune regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Immune cells, particularly lymphocytes, are potential sources of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in lymphoid organs.
  • Previous research indicated increased VIP mRNA and protein in stimulated B and T lymphocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether specific T helper cell subsets are responsible for VIP production.
  • To determine the role of T helper 1 (TH1) and T helper 2 (TH2) cells in VIP synthesis and secretion.

Main Methods:

  • Derived TH1 and TH2 effector cell lines from T-cell receptor transgenic mice.
  • Stimulated cells with specific (pigeon cytochrome C peptide) or nonspecific (ovalbumin) antigens.
  • Analyzed VIP mRNA and intracellular protein expression using Northern blots and FACS.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured secreted VIP in supernatants using ELISA and assessed its functional activity on HEK293 cells expressing VPAC1 receptor.

    • Main Results:

    • TH2 cells, upon stimulation with a specific antigen, expressed VIP mRNA and intracellular VIP protein.
    • TH1 cells did not show significant VIP expression under the same conditions.
    • Supernatants from antigen-stimulated TH2 cells contained secreted VIP that induced cAMP in cells expressing the VIP receptor VPAC1.
    • Demonstrated that TH2 cells secrete functional VIP after specific antigen exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • TH2 cells are a source of functional VIP following specific antigen stimulation.
    • The release of VIP by TH2 cells in the lymphoid microenvironment provides a mechanism for VIP's immunoregulatory effects.
    • VIP secreted by TH2 cells may influence macrophage activation, lymphocyte migration, T cell apoptosis, and T cell differentiation.