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Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in a small infant
Sameeh S Ghazal1, Mansour N Al-Hawasi, Sulaiman A Al-Mosallam
1Department of Pediatrics, Sulaimania Children's Hospital, PO Box 59046, Riyadh 11525, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. dr_sameeh_ghazal@hotmail.com
Insights
Non-menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome is a rare but serious condition in infants. Early recognition and aggressive antibiotic treatment are crucial for recovery, as demonstrated by this infant
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Non-menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an uncommon but severe condition, particularly in young infants.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for improving patient outcomes.
Observation:
- A 4-month-old infant presented with symptoms mimicking bronchiolitis and pustular skin lesions.
- Initial treatment involved antistaphylococcal antibiotics and supportive care.
- The patient subsequently developed erythroderma, hypotension, and fever, characteristic of TSS.
Findings:
- Aggressive antibiotic therapy, escalated to the maximum dosage, alongside continued supportive measures, led to clinical improvement.
- The development of extensive desquamation on hands and feet by day 14 confirmed the diagnosis of staphylococcal TSS.
- This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and treatment response in infant staphylococcal TSS.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider staphylococcal TSS in infants presenting with severe febrile illness and skin manifestations, even without typical menstrual risk factors.
- Aggressive antibiotic management and supportive care are vital for managing this rare condition in infants.
- Increased awareness and timely intervention can improve prognosis for staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome in pediatric populations.
Abstract:
Non menstrual staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome is rare in small infants. This is a 4-month-old infant presented to us with a picture of bronchiolitis and few postuler skin lesions, treated with antistapylococcal antibiotics in addition to other supportive medications. On the 4th day of therapy the patient developed sunburn like erythroderma, hypotension, and high grade fever. The dose of antibiotics was increased to the maximum possible dose, in addition to other supportive medications. The patient improved and developed extensive desquamation in both hands and feet on the 14th day of hospitalization, which confirms the diagnosis.