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Updated: Aug 12, 2026

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation
Published on: January 17, 2011
The cardiovascular response to insertion of the intubating laryngeal mask airway
A Choyce1, M S Avidan, A Harvey
1Anaesthetic Department, Kings College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK.
Abstract:
Sixty-one patients received a standardised anaesthetic and were randomly assigned to three groups: tracheal intubation via direct laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation via an intubating laryngeal mask airway with immediate removal of the device, and tracheal intubation via an intubating laryngeal mask airway with delayed removal. The cardiovascular response to intubation was of a similar magnitude in all groups, although delayed removal of the intubating laryngeal mask airway was associated with a second pressor response. Norepinephrine changed significantly over time following direct laryngoscopy and following immediate removal of the intubating laryngeal mask airway, but not after delayed removal. The findings of this study do not support using the intubating laryngeal mask instead of direct laryngoscopy purely to decrease the response to intubation.
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