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Psychological counselling in problematic diabetes: does it help?

F J Snoek1, T C Skinner

  • 1Department of Medical Psychology, Diabetes Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. fj.snoek.psychol@med.vu.nl

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
|April 12, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Psychological interventions show promise for managing depression and stress in diabetes. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is effective for depression, but more research is needed for other psychological issues in diabetes care.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychological Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Behavioural Science

Background:

  • Growing recognition of the importance of psychological support in diabetes care.
  • Need to evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions for improving clinical outcomes in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effectiveness of psychological interventions for common psychological problems complicating diabetes management.
  • To identify areas where further research is needed.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of MedLine and PsychInfo (1990-2001) for peer-reviewed studies on psychological interventions for depression, eating disorders, anxiety/stress, self-destructive behavior, and family conflicts in diabetes.
  • Exclusion of case studies.
  • Focus on randomized controlled trials.

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Main Results:

  • Limited empirical research available; most studies are uncontrolled with small samples.
  • Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) effectively reduces depressive symptoms and HbA1c in Type 2 diabetes.
  • Preliminary evidence suggests CBT benefits stress management, eating disorders, and self-destructive behaviors.
  • Behavior family therapy improved family conflicts but not glycaemic control.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence for psychological treatments in diabetes is scarce due to limited research.
  • Further development of psychotherapeutic research in diabetes care is suggested.
  • Future research should adopt a behavioral medicine approach with interdisciplinary collaboration.