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Prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among outpatients and hospitalized patients: a comparison

S D Kelkar1, S G Purohit, A N Boralkar

  • 1National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. nivicl@pn3.vsnl.net.in

The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
|April 12, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus diarrhea is more common in hospitalized children, but younger infants (< or = 6 months) attending outpatient clinics show higher prevalence, likely due to maternal antibodies. G2 serotype was a major cause in outpatients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children globally.
  • Understanding rotavirus prevalence in different healthcare settings is crucial for targeted public health interventions.
  • Previous studies have indicated variations in rotavirus epidemiology based on age and geographical location.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea in outpatient and inpatient pediatric populations in Pune, India.
  • To investigate the influence of age as a confounding variable in rotavirus infection rates.
  • To identify specific rotavirus serotypes prevalent in different clinical settings.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study design was employed, collecting fecal specimens from 489 outpatients and 628 inpatients between October 1993 and September 1996.
  • Rotavirus infection was diagnosed using laboratory methods (details not specified in abstract).
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare prevalence rates, considering age stratification and other factors like seasonality and sex.

Main Results:

  • Overall, rotavirus diarrhea was more prevalent among hospitalized children compared to outpatients.
  • In infants aged 6 months or younger, rotavirus diarrhea was significantly higher in outpatients (30.26%) than in inpatients (10.11%).
  • The G2 serotype was identified as the predominant cause of rotavirus diarrhea among outpatients.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a significant factor, with younger infants (< or = 6 months) showing a higher rotavirus infection rate in outpatient settings, possibly due to waning maternal antibody protection.
  • While overall prevalence is higher in inpatients, the specific vulnerability of younger outpatients highlights the need for early-life interventions.
  • The G2 serotype is a key etiological agent of rotavirus diarrhea in the outpatient population studied.

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