Finnish women's experiences of antenatal care

to explore and describe women's experiences of antenatal care.

semi-structured interviews, dialogical interviews and non-participant observation in two phases both during and after pregnancy were analysed according to Colaizzi's phenomenological method.

four maternity clinics in one rural and one urban primary health care centre and one outpatient maternity clinic at a central hospital in Finland.

in the first phase a purposive sample of nine women were interviewed at 36 weeks gestation, three weeks, three months and two and a half years after birth. In the second phase, data were collected for further breadth and depth and 31 women, who were going through different stages of pregnancy, delivery and the puerperium participated. Data were collected by means of interviews supplemented by non-participatory observation. In the total sample of 40 Finnish women, one half was primigravidae and the other half multigravidae.

a main thread running through the women's experiences of antenatal care were their needs and wishes that concerned the health of the unborn baby, but also the health and dignity of themselves and their family. The pregnant women wanted to share their pregnancy and childbirth story in a confident relationship based on humaneness and interest in a peaceful atmosphere. They needed protection safeguarded through scientifically based and humane surveillance, and professional competence was expected. They wanted to continuously participate in the new situations through knowledge in dialogues and they wanted to involve their family in the care on their own terms. The childbirth preparation groups had an important multidimensional role in the care.

the findings challenge the antenatal care that so far has been focused on the physical health, the needs of the primigravida and a blurred family perspective. The family perspective implies knowing both the pregnant woman and her partner in terms of the pregnancy, the birth and a new parenthood. Humane, scientifically based perinatal care can be developed by innovations from these findings, especially considering the multidimensional role of the parent groups.