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Related Experiment Videos

Head injury and posttraumatic movement disorders.

Joachim K Krauss1, Joseph Jankovic

  • 1Departments of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. joachim.krauss@nch.ma.uni-heidelberg.de

Neurosurgery
|April 13, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Head injuries can cause movement disorders like parkinsonism, with functional stereotactic surgery offering benefits for disabling conditions. Further research is needed to understand the link between trauma and these neurological conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurotraumatology

Background:

  • Head trauma is an underappreciated cause of movement disorders, including parkinsonism.
  • The cause-effect relationship is complex, often due to delayed onset of symptoms.
  • Movement disorders affect 13-66% of severe head injury patients, with kinetic tremors and dystonia causing significant disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenomenology, pathophysiology, pathology, and therapy of posttraumatic movement disorders.
  • To emphasize neurosurgical treatment options for these conditions.
  • To explore the link between craniocerebral trauma and parkinsonism.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on posttraumatic movement disorders.
  • Analysis of neurosurgical interventions, including functional stereotactic surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of thalamic radiofrequency lesioning and deep brain stimulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Functional stereotactic surgery offers long-term benefits for most patients with disabling posttraumatic movement disorders.
    • Thalamic radiofrequency lesioning may cause side effects like dysarthria or gait disturbance.
    • Deep brain stimulation is an emerging option, though optimal targets for dystonia remain unclear.

    Conclusions:

    • Central nervous system trauma is a significant factor in various movement disorders.
    • Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms and pathophysiology.
    • Neurosurgical intervention should be considered for medically refractory, disabling movement disorders post-trauma.