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Potential viral pathogenic mechanism for new variant inflammatory bowel disease

V Uhlmann1, C M Martin, O Sheils

  • 1Department of Pathology, Coombe Women's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.

Molecular Pathology : MP
|April 16, 2002
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Measles virus was found in the gut tissue of most children with a new inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) variant. This suggests a link between measles virus and this specific gut pathology in children with developmental disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • A novel inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), termed ileocolonic lymphonodular hyperplasia, has been identified in children with developmental disorders.
  • This condition is characterized by inflammation and hyperplasia in the ileocolonic region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of persistent measles virus in the intestinal tissue of children diagnosed with this new variant IBD.
  • To compare measles virus detection rates between affected children and a control group using molecular analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of intestinal biopsies (formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, and fresh-frozen) from affected children and controls.
  • Detection of measles virus Fusion (F), Haemagglutinin (H), and Nucleocapsid (N) genes using TaqMan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ PCR.
  • Localization of viral mRNA within specific cell types (follicular dendritic cells) using immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Measles virus was detected in the intestinal tissue of 75 out of 91 (82%) children with ileal lymphonodular hyperplasia and enterocolitis.
  • Only 5 out of 70 (7%) control patients tested positive for measles virus.
  • Measles virus was localized within follicular dendritic cells and lymphocytes in areas of reactive follicular hyperplasia, with viral copy numbers varying significantly.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a significant association between the presence of measles virus and the observed gut pathology in children with developmental disorders.
  • These findings suggest measles virus may play a role in the pathogenesis of this new variant inflammatory bowel disease.

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