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Acute compartment syndromes.

A Tiwari1, A I Haq, F Myint

  • 1University Department of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK.

The British Journal of Surgery
|April 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Prompt diagnosis and treatment of acute compartment syndrome (ACS) are crucial for limb and life preservation. Vigilance, clinical examination, and pressure measurement aid in timely intervention for both limb and abdominal ACS to prevent severe sequelae.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Sciences
  • Surgical Emergencies
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a critical limb- and life-threatening condition necessitating immediate medical attention.
  • Early diagnosis of ACS relies on clinical vigilance and, when needed, intracompartmental pressure measurement.
  • This review covers both limb and abdominal compartment syndromes, detailing their causes, diagnostic methods, treatments, and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of acute compartment syndrome, encompassing both limb and abdominal presentations.
  • To review the diagnostic strategies, including clinical assessment and pressure monitoring techniques.
  • To discuss the treatment modalities and expected outcomes for compartment syndromes.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Cochrane databases.
  • Cross-referencing of relevant articles to ensure comprehensive coverage.

    • Main Results:

    • Limb compartment syndrome diagnosis primarily relies on clinical vigilance and repeated examinations.
    • Tissue pressure measurement is valuable in ambiguous cases, unconscious patients, and children, potentially enabling earlier fasciotomy.
    • Abdominal compartment syndrome diagnosis is challenging clinically and necessitates intra-abdominal pressure measurement.

    Conclusions:

    • Timely treatment for both limb and abdominal compartment syndromes is essential to avert significant long-term complications.
    • While intracompartmental pressure monitoring is safe and can facilitate early fasciotomy, the definitive pressure threshold remains unclear.
    • Abdominal compartment syndrome treatment involves abdominal decompression and secondary closure.