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Related Experiment Videos

Genome evolution and developmental constraint in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Cristian I Castillo-Davis1, Daniel L Hartl

  • 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|April 19, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Evolutionary changes are not more frequent later in life due to developmental constraints. However, gene duplication rates differ significantly between early and later expressed genes, suggesting selection against early gene duplicates.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Developmental constraint hypothesis suggests evolutionary changes are more frequent in later ontogeny.
  • Understanding molecular evolution across ontogeny is crucial for evolutionary biology.
  • Comparative genomics provides tools to study evolutionary patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that evolutionary changes are more frequent in later ontogeny.
  • To examine molecular evolution across ontogeny using comparative genomics in Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae.
  • To investigate the role of developmental constraint in gene duplication and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Genomewide examination of molecular evolution through ontogeny.

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  • Comparative genomic data analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae.
  • Analysis of amino acid and synonymous substitution rates, codon bias, and gene duplication patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant difference in mean amino acid replacement rates between early and late expressed genes.
    • Significant differences in synonymous substitution rates between early and late expressed genes.
    • Genes expressed after embryogenesis show a significantly greater number of duplicates compared to early-expressed genes.
    • Evidence suggests selection against gene duplicates of early-expressed genes, indicating developmental constraint.

    Conclusions:

    • Developmental constraint may influence gene duplication patterns, with selection against duplicates of early-expressed genes.
    • The findings challenge the hypothesis that evolutionary changes are more frequent in later ontogeny.
    • Developmental constraint at the gene duplication level has implications for macroevolutionary change.