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A predator-prey model with predators using hawk and dove tactics.

Pierre Auger1, Rafael Bravo de la Parra, Serge Morand

  • 1U.M.R. C.N.R.S. 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 43 Boul. 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France. pauger@biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr

Mathematical Biosciences
|April 20, 2002
PubMed
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Predator behavior impacts prey dynamics. Aggressive predators thrive with abundant prey and few rivals, while mixed strategies emerge when prey is scarce and predators numerous.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Game Theory
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Predator-prey models traditionally simplify predator behavior.
  • Individual behavioral tactics can significantly influence population dynamics.
  • Game theory offers a framework to model strategic interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how individual predator behavior, specifically hawk-dove tactics, affects predator-prey system dynamics.
  • To analyze the influence of prey density on predator behavioral strategy evolution.
  • To explore the emergence of behavioral polymorphism in predator populations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a predator-prey model integrating the Lotka-Volterra system with self-limiting prey.
  • Incorporated predator behavioral tactics (hawk and dove) using a game dynamic model based on replicator equations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized a two-time scale analysis, separating slow demographic processes from faster behavioral evolution.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified a direct relationship between prey density and predator behavioral strategies.
    • Observed that aggressive (hawk) behavior is favored at high prey and low predator densities.
    • Found that a mixed (dove-hawk) strategy polymorphism arises at low prey and high predator densities.

    Conclusions:

    • Individual predator behavior, specifically the hawk-dove game, critically shapes predator-prey system dynamics.
    • Prey density is a key factor driving the evolution of predator behavioral strategies.
    • The model predicts conditions under which predator populations may exhibit behavioral polymorphism.