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Investigating cervical spinal cord structure using axial diffusion tensor imaging.

Claudia A M Wheeler-Kingshott1, Simon J Hickman, Geoffrey J M Parker

  • 1NMR Research Unit, University Department of Clinical Neurology, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom.

Neuroimage
|April 24, 2002
PubMed
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This study introduces a new Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) technique for cervical spinal cord imaging. The method provides detailed axonal fiber orientation and connectivity, crucial for understanding spinal cord white matter tracts.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is vital for visualizing white matter tracts.
  • Imaging the cervical spinal cord presents challenges due to its small size and motion sensitivity.
  • Existing DTI techniques require faster acquisition and higher resolution for spinal cord applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel, fast DTI technique for high-resolution axial imaging of the cervical spinal cord.
  • To assess the feasibility of mapping axonal fiber orientation and white matter tract connectivity in the spinal cord.
  • To quantify diffusion characteristics, including mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA), in the cervical spinal cord.

Main Methods:

  • A fast, single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) technique, ZOOM-EPI, was developed for rapid, high in-plane resolution DTI acquisition.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cardiac gating was employed to minimize pulsatile flow artifacts from cerebrospinal fluid.
  • Voxel resolution was optimized to 1.25 x 1.25 mm(2) in-plane with 5-mm slice thickness.

    • Main Results:

    • The ZOOM-EPI technique successfully acquired axial DTI images of the cervical spinal cord with reduced motion and susceptibility artifacts.
    • High fractional anisotropy (FA) values (average 0.61 +/- 0.05) indicated significant white matter anisotropy, comparable to the brain.
    • Diffusion components lambda( parallel) and lambda( perpendicular) were measured, and tractography revealed anatomically consistent fiber pathways.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed ZOOM-EPI DTI technique is effective for high-resolution imaging of the cervical spinal cord.
    • This method enables detailed characterization of spinal cord white matter microstructure and connectivity.
    • The findings support the potential of advanced DTI for clinical applications in spinal cord research and diagnostics.