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Additive genetic variation under intraspecific competition and stabilizing selection: a two-locus study.

Reinhard Bürger1

  • 1Institut für Mathematik, Universität Wien, A-1090 Wien, Austria. Reinhard.Buerger@univie.ac.at

Theoretical Population Biology
|April 24, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study models how genetic factors and conflicting selection pressures shape quantitative traits. Genetic variance at equilibrium depends on competition strength, with disruptive selection potentially occurring even without stable genetic polymorphism.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Quantitative genetics
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • Quantitative traits are influenced by multiple genetic loci.
  • Fitness can be affected by stabilizing selection and frequency-dependent selection, such as that induced by intraspecific competition.
  • A conflict between these selective forces can arise, impacting trait evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a diallelic two-locus model for additive quantitative trait determination.
  • To analyze the interaction between genetic factors (recombination rate, allelic effects) and conflicting selective forces (stabilizing and frequency-dependent selection).
  • To explore the equilibrium genetic structure under these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a two-locus genetic model with additive genotypic values.

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  • Inclusion of stabilizing selection on the trait and frequency-dependent fitness components.
  • Mathematical analysis of equilibrium states, considering recombination rates and allelic effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Genetic variance at equilibrium shows a threshold-dependent relationship with competition strength, unless allelic effects are sufficiently distinct.
    • For equal allelic effects, disruptive selection at equilibrium is observed if and only if competition is strong enough to maintain stable two-locus polymorphism.
    • Disruptive selection can occur with weaker competition and without stable polymorphism when allelic effects are unequal.

    Conclusions:

    • The interplay between genetic architecture and selection is crucial for determining evolutionary outcomes.
    • The conditions for maintaining genetic variance and observing disruptive selection are contingent on the relative strengths of competition and the nature of allelic effects.
    • The model provides insights into the evolution of quantitative traits under complex selective pressures.