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Phase transitions in open quantum systems.

C Jung1, M Müller, I Rotter

  • 1Centro Internacional de Ciencias, Cuernavaca, Mexico.

Physical Review. E, Statistical Physics, Plasmas, Fluids, and Related Interdisciplinary Topics
|April 24, 2002
PubMed
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We discovered that open quantum systems exhibit spectral reorganization and bifurcating time scales under critical coupling conditions. This phenomenon acts as a second-order phase transition, affecting all states cooperatively.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Open quantum systems exhibit complex behaviors influenced by coupling to decay channels.
  • Spectral properties and resonance state lifetimes are key characteristics of these systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spectral reorganization in open quantum systems.
  • To identify conditions for this reorganization to manifest as a second-order phase transition.
  • To analyze the cooperative behavior of quantum states.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical derivation of conditions for second-order phase transitions.
  • Numerical investigations of spectral reorganization.
  • Analysis of coupling parameter alpha and its relation to overlapping degrees.

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Main Results:

  • Spectral reorganization and bifurcation of time scales occur under critical coupling.
  • The reorganization can be analytically described as a second-order phase transition.
  • Cooperative behavior of all states is observed at the critical coupling value alpha(crit).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a theoretical framework for understanding spectral reorganization as a phase transition in open quantum systems.
  • The findings are applicable to various spectral distributions, including picket-fence and Gaussian orthogonal ensembles.
  • Control parameter alpha critically influences the system's dynamics and spectral properties.