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Microenvironments and microbial community structure in sediments.

S P C Tankéré1, D G Bourne, F L L Muller

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Bergen, Norway. sophie.muller@im.uib.no

Environmental Microbiology
|April 26, 2002
PubMed
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This study combined chemical and microbiological analyses to understand organic carbon oxidation in eutrophic coastal sediments. Findings reveal distinct redox and pH horizons, with sulfur-reducing bacteria playing a key role at the sediment-water interface.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Coastal lagoons are susceptible to eutrophication, impacting sediment biogeochemical processes.
  • Organic carbon oxidation is a critical process in marine sediment ecosystems.
  • Understanding the interplay between chemical conditions and microbial communities is vital for sediment health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate organic carbon oxidation processes using a combined chemical and microbiological approach.
  • To assess microbial diversity and its relationship with chemical parameters at the sediment-water interface.
  • To delineate redox, pH, and ecological horizons within eutrophic coastal sediments.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution chemical measurements (O2, H2S, pH, redox potential) at the sediment-water interface.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Molecular techniques for assessing microbiological diversity (sequencing).
  • Analysis of sediment samples from a eutrophic coastal lagoon.

    • Main Results:

    • A narrow overlap (0.2 mm) between oxygen and hydrogen sulfide profiles was observed.
    • pH showed a maximum near the sediment-water interface (suggesting photosynthesis) and a minimum at the O2-H2S interface.
    • Iron reduction occurred within the biofilm, primarily driven by hydrogen sulfide; elevated dissolved manganese suggested specific production or water flow mechanisms.
    • Sequences related to sulfur chemolithotrophs were identified in biofilm samples, correlating with the observed O2-H2S overlap.

    Conclusions:

    • The combined chemical and microbiological approach effectively delineated redox, pH, and ecological horizons.
    • Sulfur chemolithotrophs are key players in the observed biogeochemical processes at the sediment-water interface.
    • The study highlights the importance of integrating molecular and chemical data for a comprehensive understanding of sediment processes.