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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
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Related Experiment Videos

Platelet involvement in cutaneous small vessel vasculitis.

Lorine B Meijer-Jorna1, Jan R Mekkes, Allard C van der Wal

  • 1Department of Pathology, Academic, Medical Centre of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
|April 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Platelet aggregates are significantly present in cutaneous small vessel vasculitis, indicating a previously unrecognized role in this inflammatory condition. Immunohistochemistry for platelets may aid in diagnosing microvascular damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Dermatopathology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Platelets secrete factors crucial for inflammation and thrombosis.
  • The role of platelets in cutaneous small vessel vasculitis (cSVS) was previously unevaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of platelet aggregates in inflamed microvessels of cSVS.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of platelet immunohistochemistry in microvascular damage.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining of 36 cSVS biopsies and 18 dermatitis biopsies using anti-CD61 and anti-von Willebrand factor (vWF) antibodies.
  • Evaluation of platelet aggregates and vWF distribution in microvessels.

Main Results:

  • Platelet aggregates were found in 75% of cSVS biopsies, compared to 16.7% in dermatitis.
  • Platelet aggregates in cSVS correlated with diffuse perivascular vWF staining.
  • Non-vasculitis dermatitis showed limited vWF staining, primarily within endothelial cells.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet aggregate formation plays a significant, previously unrecognized role in cSVS.
  • Platelet secretory products likely contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in vasculitis.
  • Platelet immunohistochemistry can assist in diagnosing microvascular damage in paraffin-embedded tissue sections.