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Related Experiment Videos

Estrogen and colon cancer: current issues.

F al-Azzawi1, M Wahab

  • 1Gynaecology Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, LE2 7LX, UK.

Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society
|April 27, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing estrogen reduces colon cancer incidence and mortality by approximately 30% in postmenopausal women. Molecular mechanisms, including epigenetic gene silencing, are being investigated.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Colon cancer incidence varies globally, influenced by diet.
  • Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use is associated with altered colon cancer risk.
  • Estrogen receptors are present in colonic tissues, both healthy and malignant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological data on colon cancer incidence and mortality in postmenopausal HRT users.
  • To review the prevalence of estrogen receptors in colonic tissues.
  • To examine evidence of gene silencing in neoplastic conditions, particularly related to estrogen signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies on HRT and colon cancer.
  • Review of studies on estrogen receptor prevalence in colon tissue.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of research on epigenetic mechanisms like gene silencing in cancer.

    • Main Results:

    • Estrogen use is linked to a ~30% reduction in colon adenoma and carcinoma incidence.
    • Estrogen use decreases colon cancer-related mortality.
    • Reduced colon cancer risk is observed in current and recent HRT users, though mechanisms are unclear.

    Conclusions:

    • Estrogen may influence one or multiple steps in colon cancer development.
    • Aberrant methylation leading to gene silencing (epigenetic mechanism) is implicated in cancer.
    • Reversing epigenetic silencing shows potential for suppressing cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo.