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Related Experiment Videos

Stimulating effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on host searching and infestation efficacy of a parasitoid wasp.

Halitiana Rafalimanana1, Laure Kaiser, Jean-Marie Delpuech

  • 1Laboratoire de Biométrie, Génétique et Biologie des Populations, CNRS umr 5558, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.

Pest Management Science
|April 27, 2002
PubMed
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Sub-lethal chlorpyrifos exposure enhances hymenopterous parasitoid host-searching behavior by increasing probing responses to odors. This insecticide effect boosts parasitoid efficiency without impairing their crucial odor memory.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Insect Chemical Ecology
  • Pest Management

Background:

  • Hymenopterous parasitoids are vital natural enemies of insect pests.
  • Parasitoids, like *Leptopilina heterotoma*, use olfactory cues for host location during oviposition.
  • Sub-lethal insecticide exposure can alter insect behavior, impacting biological control efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sub-lethal effects of chlorpyrifos on the host-searching behavior of *Leptopilina heterotoma*.
  • To determine if chlorpyrifos influences probing activity and olfactory learning in response to host-related odors.
  • To assess the impact of chlorpyrifos on parasitoid efficiency and odor memory.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed probing activity of *L. heterotoma* females in response to banana odor after sub-lethal chlorpyrifos (LD20) exposure.

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  • Utilized olfactory conditioning to associate banana odor with oviposition in *Drosophila* larvae.
  • Compared probing responses and host-finding times between insecticide-exposed and control parasitoids.

    • Main Results:

    • Chlorpyrifos exposure increased spontaneous probing in response to banana odor.
    • Conditioned parasitoids exposed to chlorpyrifos located hosts and oviposited faster.
    • Enhanced probing responses in conditioned, chlorpyrifos-exposed females persisted for at least 24 hours, indicating intact odor memory.

    Conclusions:

    • Sub-lethal chlorpyrifos exposure can enhance parasitoid host-searching behavior by increasing probing responses.
    • The insecticide's effects stimulate host-finding without impairing olfactory memory, potentially increasing parasitic efficiency.
    • These findings have implications for understanding insecticide impacts on biological control agents.