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Skin and soft tissue infection.

S Sharma1, K K Verma

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute ofMedical Sciences, New Delhi.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|May 1, 2002
PubMed
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This article reviews common bacterial skin infections like impetigo and cellulitis, detailing their causes, such as Staphylococcus aureus, and recommended antibiotic treatments for effective management.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Normal skin harbors diverse bacterial flora, primarily nonpathogenic Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus epidermidis.
  • Bacterial skin infections, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, range from superficial to severe soft tissue infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of common and less common bacterial skin infections.
  • To discuss the causative agents, clinical presentations, and appropriate antibiotic therapies for various bacterial dermatoses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on bacterial skin infections.
  • Discussion of clinical features and treatment strategies for conditions including impetigo, folliculitis, cellulitis, and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.

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Main Results:

  • Impetigo and ecthyma are treated with topical or systemic antibiotics based on severity.
  • Folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles caused by S. aureus require topical or systemic antibiotics.
  • Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome necessitates intravenous penicillinase-resistant antibiotics.
  • Erysipelas and cellulitis, often caused by Streptococcus or S. aureus, are managed with systemic antibiotics tailored to the pathogen and severity.
  • Gangrenous cellulitis requires broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics targeting polymicrobial infections.

Conclusions:

  • Appropriate antibiotic selection is crucial for treating bacterial skin infections, guided by the specific pathogen, infection severity, and susceptibility testing.
  • Understanding the spectrum of bacterial skin infections and their causative agents informs effective therapeutic interventions.