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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
463
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

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Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
333
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

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The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
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Related Experiment Videos

Renal cell carcinoma.

Paul Godley1, Steven W Kim

  • 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7305, USA. pgodley@med.unc.edu

Current Opinion in Oncology
|May 1, 2002
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Renal cell carcinoma is challenging due to resistance and spread. New molecular insights and nephron-sparing surgery offer improved treatment strategies for this kidney cancer.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents treatment challenges due to asymptomatic metastasis and chemotherapy resistance.
  • Conventional treatments for RCC have limited efficacy and significant side effects.
  • Emerging research focuses on understanding RCC pathogenesis for targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore novel therapeutic targets for renal cell carcinoma based on molecular genetic insights.
  • To review the current landscape of RCC treatment, including surgical and systemic approaches.
  • To highlight the growing acceptance and evidence supporting nephron-sparing surgery for kidney cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Review of molecular genetic studies on RCC pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data for nephron-sparing surgery outcomes.
  • Evaluation of current treatment modalities, including cytokine therapy for metastatic RCC.

Main Results:

  • Molecular genetic research is uncovering new pathways and potential therapeutic targets for RCC.
  • Nephron-sparing surgery demonstrates favorable long-term, cancer-free survival rates.
  • Cytokine therapy remains a primary treatment for metastatic RCC, but with limitations in efficacy and tolerability.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding RCC molecular genetics are paving the way for novel chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Nephron-sparing surgery is an increasingly viable and effective option for kidney cancer treatment.
  • Further research is needed to improve systemic therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.