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Published on: August 25, 2014
Prevention of nosocomial infections in the neonatal intensive care unit
Ira Adams-Chapman1, Barbara J Stoll
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. ira_adams-chapman@oz.ped.emory.edu
Insights
Preventing nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units is crucial. Strategies include surveillance, nursery design, handwashing, minimizing catheter use, and antimicrobial stewardship.
Area of Science:
- Neonatalogy
- Infectious Diseases
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Nosocomial infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
- Increasing survival rates of very low birthweight infants heighten the risk of these infections due to invasive care needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline effective strategies for preventing nosocomial infections in NICU patients.
- To emphasize the importance of a multi-faceted approach to infection control.
Main Methods:
- Continuous monitoring and surveillance of infection rates and pathogens.
- Implementing strategic nursery design and staffing protocols.
- Promoting handwashing compliance and prudent antimicrobial use.
- Minimizing central venous catheter use and contamination.
Main Results:
- Educational programs and feedback enhance nursery personnel compliance with infection control measures.
- A comprehensive approach is necessary to effectively reduce nosocomial infections.
Conclusions:
- Effective prevention of nosocomial infections requires ongoing surveillance, optimized nursery environments, strict hygiene practices, judicious use of invasive devices and antimicrobials.
- Continuous education and feedback are vital for successful implementation of infection control programs in the NICU.
Abstract:
Nosocomial infections are responsible for significant morbidity and late mortality among neonatal intensive care unit patients. The number of neonatal patients at risk for acquiring nosocomial infections is increasing because of the improved survival of very low birthweight infants and their need for invasive monitoring and supportive care. Effective strategies to prevent nosocomial infection must include continuous monitoring and surveillance of infection rates and distribution of pathogens; strategic nursery design and staffing; emphasis on handwashing compliance; minimizing central venous catheter use and contamination, and prudent use of antimicrobial agents. Educational programs and feedback to nursery personnel improve compliance with infection control programs.
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