Comparing two programs of cognitive training in Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Gerontology
• Cognitive Psychology

Background:

• Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting cognitive functions and daily living.
• Cognitive training is explored as an intervention to mitigate functional decline in AD patients.
• Individualized training approaches may offer tailored benefits for managing AD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of two distinct cognitive training strategies in individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
• To assess the impact of procedural memory stimulation versus training of partially spared cognitive functions on daily functioning and cognitive performance.

Main Methods:

• Twenty-two patients diagnosed with mild to moderate AD participated in the study.
• Participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 received procedural memory stimulation, and Group 2 underwent training of partially spared cognitive functions.
• Assessments included standardized neuropsychological tests, rating scales, and the Functional Living Skills Assessment (FLSA) to evaluate real-world performance.

Main Results:

• Both training groups demonstrated significant improvements in the total score and subscales of the FLSA, indicating enhanced daily functioning.
• Group 1 showed additional slight improvements in Attentional Matrices and Verbal Fluency for Letters.
• A trend towards regression to pre-training levels was observed three months post-intervention.

Conclusions:

• Cognitive training significantly improved everyday functioning for both Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patient groups.
• Training focused on activities of daily living, particularly when supported by procedural memory, appeared more beneficial than targeting "residual" cognitive functions.
• These findings suggest a potentially more effective avenue for cognitive intervention in AD management.