Evidence-based management: a literature review

Area of Science:

• Healthcare Management
• Evidence-Based Practice
• Scientific Frameworks in Management

Background:

• The application of scientific frameworks to healthcare management is explored, drawing parallels with clinical practice.
• The hierarchy of evidence, from randomized control trials to anecdote, is examined within the context of management.
• Concerns regarding positivism and the emergence of 'clinical effectiveness' as a potential alternative term are noted.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evidence-based management (EBM) and assess its scientific basis in healthcare.
• To explore the divide between EBM as a tool for managerial accountability versus a support for evidence-based clinical practice.
• To identify barriers to research in healthcare management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of evidence-based management in healthcare.
• Analysis of the hierarchy of evidence and its applicability to management.
• Examination of differing perspectives on the role and implementation of EBM.

Main Results:

• While EBM is generally accepted, its application in management faces criticism, particularly concerning positivism.
• A divide exists between viewing EBM for managerial accountability versus supporting clinical evidence-based practice.
• Limited research in healthcare management is attributed to factors like policy constraints and time limitations.

Conclusions:

• An evidence-based approach is considered the optimal direction for healthcare management.
• There is an ideal need for a management culture firmly rooted in evidence.
• Further research and a dedicated 'attitude of mind' are necessary for robust EBM implementation.