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Global increases in kidney cancer incidence, 1973-1992
A Mathew1, S S Devesa, J F Fraumeni
1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Regional Cancer Center, Medical College, Trivandrum, 695 011, Kerala, India.
Summary
Global kidney cancer incidence is rising, particularly for renal parenchyma cancer. Rates increased across most regions and ethnic groups between 1973 and 1992, with notable exceptions in Scandinavian countries.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Kidney cancer incidence has been increasing globally.
- Understanding these trends is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze global incidence trends for kidney cancers and their subsites.
- To identify regional and temporal variations in kidney cancer rates.
Main Methods:
- Utilized international incidence data from "Cancer Incidence in Five Continents" (1973-1992).
- Incorporated USA data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program.
- Calculated percentage changes and annual percentage changes using log-linear regression.
Main Results:
- Kidney cancer incidence rates were highest in France and lowest in India in 1988-1992.
- Rates increased globally for both men and women between 1973-1977 and 1988-1992.
- Japan and Italy showed the largest percentage increases for men and women, respectively.
- Renal pelvis cancer rates remained low, while renal parenchyma cancer trends mirrored total kidney cancer trends.
Conclusions:
- Global kidney cancer incidence has risen significantly, driven by increases in renal parenchyma cancer.
- Rising incidence may be linked to increased prevalence of risk factors and diagnostic imaging.
- Further research into risk factors and early detection is warranted.