Hypertension in Brazil

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Hypertension prevalence in selected Brazilian populations ranges from 15.7% to 33.7%, influenced by age and socioeconomic factors.
• Stroke is a leading cause of death, highlighting the severe morbidity consequences of hypertension.
• Prevalence of other cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, high cholesterol, obesity, and physical inactivity are substantial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the prevalence, mortality, and risk factors associated with hypertension in Brazil.
• To assess the awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension among the Brazilian population.
• To review current strategies and initiatives aimed at combating hypertension in Brazil.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of prevalence data from 18 populations and Mall surveys in Salvador, utilizing JNC VI criteria.
• Examination of mortality data and prevalence of associated cardiovascular risk factors.
• Review of physician prescribing patterns and patient adherence to treatment, alongside an overview of national public health strategies.

Main Results:

• Hypertension prevalence in Salvador Mall surveys was 33.7%, significantly affected by age and socioeconomic class.
• A considerable percentage of individuals with hypertension were unaware or denied having the condition.
• Physician treatment approaches favor monotherapy, with lower reported adherence to non-pharmacological interventions.

Conclusions:

• Brazil is implementing national plans and public health initiatives involving multiple health societies to combat hypertension.
• Strengthening hypertension and diabetes care requires a coordinated effort between the Ministry of Health and professional organizations.
• Continued efforts are needed to improve hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates across the population.