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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease fat deposition in separable fat depots but not in the remainder carcass.

N Crespo1, E Esteve-Garcia

  • 1Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Department of Animal Nutrition, Centre de Mas Bove, Reus (Tarragona), Spain.

Poultry Science
|May 7, 2002
PubMed
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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids reduced fat in broiler chickens' separable fat depots compared to saturated fats. Saturated fats led to increased abdominal and mesenteric fat deposition.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Poultry Nutrition
  • Nutritional Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dietary fat significantly influences carcass composition and fat deposition in broiler chickens.
  • Understanding the impact of different fatty acid profiles on fat partitioning is crucial for optimizing poultry production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of dietary fatty acid profiles (tallow, olive, sunflower, and linseed oils) on body fat, carcass fat, and separable fat depot deposition in female broiler chickens.
  • To determine how saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids influence fat distribution in broiler chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using female broiler chickens fed diets containing 10% of four different fats.
  • Experiment 1 measured total body fat, carcass fat, and abdominal fat (AF).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiment 2 quantified separable fat depots (abdominal, neck, sartorial, mesenteric).

    • Main Results:

    • Broiler chickens fed sunflower or linseed oils (polyunsaturated) showed reduced separable fat depots compared to those fed tallow or olive oil (saturated/monounsaturated).
    • Body and carcass fat percentages were slightly reduced with polyunsaturated fats, but differences were not statistically significant.
    • Abdominal fat was a strong predictor of body fat, carcass fat, and fat depot variability, except in broilers fed tallow.

    Conclusions:

    • Polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease fat deposition in specific broiler fat depots more than monounsaturated and saturated fats.
    • Dietary fatty acid profile can alter the growth patterns of fat depots in broilers.
    • Saturated fat consumption in broilers is associated with increased abdominal and mesenteric fat accumulation.