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Coated-wire silver ion-selective electrode based on silver complex of cyclam
A Sil1, V S Ijeri, A K Srivastava
1Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Summary
A novel coated-wire ion-selective electrode (ISE) using cyclam neutral carrier was developed for sensitive and selective silver(I) ion detection. This electrode accurately determined silver in electroplating solutions.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are crucial for trace metal analysis.
- Developing selective and sensitive ISEs for specific ions like silver (Ag(I)) remains an active research area.
- Cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) is a macrocyclic ligand with potential for metal ion complexation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To fabricate and characterize a coated-wire ion-selective electrode (ISE) for the determination of silver(I) ions.
- To evaluate the electrode's performance in terms of linearity, detection limit, and selectivity.
- To assess the applicability of the developed ISE for analyzing silver in complex industrial samples like electroplating baths.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a coated-wire ISE using cyclam as a neutral carrier in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix.
- Electrochemical characterization of the ISE, including Nernstian response assessment and determination of the detection limit.
- Evaluation of selectivity against common interfering metal ions by measuring selectivity coefficients (K(ij)).
- Application of the ISE for the determination of free and total silver in electroplating bath solutions.
Main Results:
- The developed ISE demonstrated a linear Nernstian response for Ag(I) ions in the concentration range of 1 x 10(-1) to 1 x 10(-7) M.
- A low detection limit of 5 x 10(-8) M and a slope of 59 +/- 2 mV per decade were achieved.
- The ISE exhibited excellent selectivity for Ag(I) ions over 13 other tested metal ions, with selectivity coefficients in the range of 10(-4) to 10(-2).
- The electrode was successfully applied to determine silver concentrations in electroplating bath solutions, additives, and brighteners.
Conclusions:
- The cyclam-based coated-wire ISE offers a sensitive, selective, and reliable method for Ag(I) ion determination.
- The electrode's robust performance and selectivity make it suitable for practical applications in industrial settings, particularly for electroplating analysis.
- This work contributes to the development of advanced electrochemical sensors for environmental and industrial monitoring.