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Related Experiment Videos

S100 proteins: structure, functions and pathology.

Claus W Heizmann1, Günter Fritz, Beat W Schäfer

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH- 8032 Zurich, Switzerland. Claus.Heizmann@kispi.unizh.ch

Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|May 7, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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S100 proteins are a large group of calcium-binding proteins involved in cell growth and disease. Their dysregulation is linked to cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, offering potential as diagnostic markers and drug targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • S100 proteins are the largest EF-hand calcium-binding protein subgroup, regulating vital cellular functions like growth, motility, and differentiation.
  • They exhibit unique intracellular localization and calcium-dependent relocation, acting as signal transducers.
  • Some S100 proteins are secreted, mediating extracellular effects via receptors like RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation endproducts).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse roles of S100 proteins in cellular processes.
  • To highlight their association with human diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • To discuss their potential as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of S100 protein functions and disease associations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of S100 gene localization and its implications in neoplasias.
  • Examination of S100 protein involvement in intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • S100 proteins regulate fundamental cellular activities and act as calcium signal transducers.
    • Aberrant expression of S100 genes, particularly from the 1q21 cluster, is linked to various cancers.
    • Secreted S100 proteins influence cell survival and exhibit cytokine-like activities.

    Conclusions:

    • S100 proteins are implicated in numerous human diseases, including cardiomyopathy, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.
    • They serve as valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers, aiding clinical management and patient outcomes.
    • S100 proteins represent promising therapeutic targets for improving disease treatment strategies.