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Monitoring apoptosis in real time.

Allan M Green1, Neil D Steinmetz

  • 1Theseus Imaging Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, USA.

Cancer Journal (Sudbury, Mass.)
|May 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Technetium Tc 99m-recombinant human annexin V (Tc 99m-rh annexin V) imaging can noninvasively detect treatment-induced cancer cell death. Increased Tc 99m-rh annexin V uptake after chemotherapy correlates with improved patient outcomes and survival.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • Anticancer treatments often induce apoptosis and necrosis, key indicators of therapeutic response.
  • Early increases in tumor apoptotic index post-treatment suggest a positive response to therapy in breast cancer patients.
  • Noninvasive imaging of treatment-induced cell death is crucial for monitoring therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of radiolabeled technetium Tc 99m-recombinant human annexin V (Tc 99m-rh annexin V) for noninvasive imaging of treatment-induced cell death.
  • To correlate Tc 99m-rh annexin V uptake with clinical response and survival in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Annexin V, a human protein, binds to phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed on the outer cell membrane during apoptosis and necrosis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tc 99m-rh annexin V was administered intravenously for scintigraphic imaging of cell death in preclinical models and human subjects.
  • Studies included various cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, and sarcoma.

    • Main Results:

    • Tc 99m-rh annexin V demonstrated in vivo localization in preclinical models of apoptosis and necrosis.
    • Feasibility of imaging cell death was shown in human subjects with various malignancies and acute myocardial infarction.
    • Increased Tc 99m-rh annexin V uptake within 1-3 days post-chemotherapy correlated with objective clinical responses and suggested improved time to progression and survival.

    Conclusions:

    • Tc 99m-rh annexin V imaging is a feasible noninvasive method to assess treatment-induced cell death in cancer patients.
    • Early post-treatment Tc 99m-rh annexin V uptake shows potential as a predictive biomarker for therapeutic response and patient survival.
    • In vivo imaging of cell death may enhance personalized cancer treatment by enabling rapid, objective assessment of treatment efficacy.