Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Principles in Silicate Work.

The Dental register·2021
Same author

Radiographic and arthroscopic features of third carpal bone slab fractures and their impact on racing performance following arthroscopic repair in a population of racing Thoroughbreds in the UK.

Equine veterinary journal·2019
Same author

Arsenical Treatments in Compound Cavities Confined with Cotton and Sandarac Varnish.

The American journal of dental science·2019
Same author

EEG Topographic Mapping of Visual and Kinesthetic Imagery in Swimmers.

Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback·2015
Same author

Bisphosphonates inhibit expression of p63 by oral keratinocytes.

Journal of dental research·2011
Same author

Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) involving acupuncture for labour pain shows acupuncture to be more effective than comparison treatments in several significant circumstances.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2010

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications
09:39

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications

Published on: January 27, 2014

Sensitization studies in chemically intolerant individuals: implications for individual difference research.

I R Bell1, C M Baldwin, G E Schwartz

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724-5153, USA. IBELL@U.ARIZONA.EDU

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|May 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Chemical intolerance (CI) involves experiencing illness from various chemicals. Neural sensitization may explain how the body amplifies responses to these exposures, potentially leading to chronic conditions.

More Related Videos

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
10:28

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

Published on: February 18, 2016

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications
09:39

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications

Published on: January 27, 2014

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
10:28

Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice

Published on: February 18, 2016

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
08:25

Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Published on: September 26, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Chemical intolerance (CI) affects 15-30% of the population, causing illness from low-level chemical exposures.
  • The neural sensitization model proposes progressive amplification of responses to chemical and other stressors.
  • Existing models struggle to fully explain CI, necessitating further investigation into underlying mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the neural sensitization model for chemical intolerance.
  • To explore factors contributing to CI and heightened sensitivity.
  • To examine the potential role of sensitization in chronic polysymptomatic illnesses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on chemical intolerance and neural sensitization.
  • Analysis of recent laboratory studies demonstrating sensitization in CI individuals.
  • Examination of physiological (EEG, blood pressure) and psychological variables.

Main Results:

  • Repeated chemical exposures induced sensitization in individuals with CI, evidenced by changes in EEG and blood pressure.
  • Psychological distress alone did not account for the observed sensitization.
  • Specific characteristics, including female gender and genetic background, are associated with CI and sensitization vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with heightened CI exhibit high sensitizability, potentially an adaptive response to environmental threats.
  • Progressive sensitization can disrupt physiological set points, contributing to chronic conditions like multiple chemical sensitivity and fibromyalgia.
  • Individual response patterns, not just toxicant properties, likely dictate the manifestation of nervous system dysfunctions in CI.