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Near-work activity, night-lights, and myopia in the Singapore-China study
Seang-Mei Saw1, Ming-Zhi Zhang, Rong-Zhao Hong
1Department of Community, Occupational, and Family Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore. cofsawsm@nus.edu.sg
Objective:
To investigate the relationship among near-work activity, night-lights, and myopia in schoolchildren in Singapore and Xiamen, China.
Methods:
The refractive error and ocular dimensions of 957 Chinese schoolchildren aged 7 to 9 years in Singapore and Xiamen, China, were determined using cycloplegic autorefraction and A-scan ultrasound biometry. Information on near-work activity (number of books read per week, reading in hours per day) and night-light use before age 2 years was obtained.
Results:
The prevalence rate of myopia was 36.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 33.0%-40.3%) in Singapore and 18.5% (95% CI, 14.0%-23.1%) in Xiamen, China. The crude odds ratio (OR) of higher myopia (at least -3.0 diopters) for children who read more than 2 books per week was 3.50 (95% CI, 2.15-5.70). In a multivariate logistic regression model, the OR of higher myopia for children who read more was 2.81 (95% CI, 1.69-4.69), adjusted for age, night-light use, parental myopia, and country, whereas there was no association between night-light use before age 2 years and higher myopia (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.92-2.58), after controlling for age, books read per week, parental myopia, and country.
Main Outcome Measures:
The ORs of higher myopia for children who read more and children who are exposed to night-lights before age 2 years.
Conclusions:
Reading (number of books per week) may be associated with higher myopia in Chinese schoolchildren. However, night-light use does not seem to be related to higher myopia.