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Related Experiment Videos

Large artery involvement in giant cell (temporal) arteritis.

R G Klein, G G Hunder, A W Stanson

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |December 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Giant cell arteritis can affect the aorta and large arteries, causing symptoms like claudication. Early diagnosis and corticosteroid treatment are crucial for managing this serious condition.

    Area of Science:

    • Vascular Medicine
    • Rheumatology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting medium and large arteries.
    • Large artery involvement in GCA, particularly the aorta and its branches, can lead to significant morbidity.

    Observation:

    • Of 248 GCA patients, 34 showed evidence of aortic or major branch involvement.
    • Symptoms included intermittent claudication, paresthesias, and Raynaud's phenomenon.
    • Physical findings revealed diminished pulses and arterial bruits; four patients initially presented with decreased upper extremity pulses.

    Findings:

    • Nine patients developed large artery manifestations during corticosteroid therapy taper or discontinuation.
    • Angiography helped differentiate arteritis from atherosclerosis in 10 patients.

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  • Three patients died from aortic rupture, confirmed as GCA at autopsy.

    • Implications:

    • Adequate corticosteroid dosing led to favorable responses in most patients, improving claudication and pulses.
    • This highlights the importance of monitoring for large artery involvement in GCA patients.
    • Early detection and management of aortic GCA can prevent catastrophic complications like rupture.