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Related Experiment Videos

Electronic transport in smectic liquid crystals.

I Shiyanovskaya1, K D Singer, R J Twieg

  • 1Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|May 15, 2002
PubMed
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Bipolar charge transport was observed in liquid crystals (LCs). Hole mobility in phenylnaphthalene LCs is higher and less temperature-dependent than electron mobility, suggesting distinct transport mechanisms like polaron hopping. Biphenyl LCs show standard temperature-activated transport. Keywords: liquid crystals, charge transport, mobility, polaron hopping.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Liquid crystals (LCs) are anisotropic materials with potential applications in electronic devices.
  • Understanding charge transport mechanisms in LCs is crucial for developing advanced organic electronics.
  • Previous studies have indicated the possibility of charge transport in LC systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the charge transport properties, specifically electron and hole mobilities, in phenylnaphthalene and biphenyl liquid crystals.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing charge transport in different smectic mesophases.
  • To explore the influence of molecular order and temperature on charge carrier mobility.

Main Methods:

  • Time-of-flight measurements of transient photoconductivity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of temperature and phase-dependent mobility data.
  • Modeling of charge transport mechanisms, including polaron hopping and multiple trapping.

    • Main Results:

    • Bipolar charge transport was confirmed in phenylnaphthalene and biphenyl liquid crystals.
    • Phenylnaphthalene LCs exhibited significantly higher hole mobility (10⁻³–10⁻⁴ cm²/V s) compared to electron mobility (10⁻⁵ cm²/V s).
    • Hole mobility in phenylnaphthalene LCs was largely temperature-independent but sensitive to smectic order (Sm-B vs. Sm-A), suggesting polaron transport.
    • Electron mobility in phenylnaphthalene LCs and both carrier mobilities in biphenyl LCs showed temperature-activated behavior, consistent with multiple trapping by impurities.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinct charge transport mechanisms operate in phenylnaphthalene and biphenyl liquid crystals.
    • Polaron transport mechanisms, potentially Holstein small polarons or a combination of nearly small molecular and small lattice polarons, are proposed for temperature-independent hole mobility in phenylnaphthalene LCs.
    • Multiple shallow trapping by impurities likely dominates electron transport in phenylnaphthalene LCs and both carrier types in biphenyl LCs.
    • The molecular order in smectic mesophases significantly impacts hole transport in phenylnaphthalene LCs, while biphenyl LCs show less sensitivity to order.