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Differences between behavior therapists and psychotherapists.

F R Staples, R B Sloane, K Whipple

    Archives of General Psychiatry
    |December 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Behavior therapists were more active and directive in patient interactions than psychotherapists. However, behavior therapists also demonstrated higher empathy and interpersonal connection, despite patients perceiving them as more authoritarian.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychotherapy Research

    Background:

    • Therapist interaction styles significantly influence treatment outcomes.
    • Understanding differences between behavior therapy and psychodynamic approaches is crucial for clinical practice.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare patient-therapist interaction patterns between behavior therapists and analytically oriented therapists.
    • To identify distinct communication and control strategies employed by each therapeutic orientation.

    Main Methods:

    • Comparative analysis of interaction patterns.
    • Involved six experienced therapists (three behavior, three analytic) each treating ten patients in short-term individual therapy.

    Main Results:

    • Behavior therapists exhibited greater speech time, direct advice, instruction, and content control.

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  • Both groups offered a warm atmosphere, but behavior therapists showed higher accurate empathy, interpersonal contact, and self-congruence.
  • Patients perceived behavior therapists as more authoritarian and psychotherapists as fostering greater independence.

    • Conclusions:

    • Therapist behaviors align with theoretical models of behavior therapy and psychodynamic therapy.
    • Despite differences in directiveness, behavior therapists fostered strong therapeutic alliance indicators.
    • Patient perceptions highlight differing expectations regarding therapist roles and patient autonomy.