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Changing life expectancy in Romania after the transition.

C Dolea1, E Nolte, M McKee

  • 1Department of Public Health and Management, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
|May 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Romania experienced a decline in life expectancy post-1989, primarily due to cardiovascular and digestive diseases. A later recovery was driven by reduced cardiovascular deaths, but childhood mortality rose due to pediatric AIDS.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Demography
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Life expectancy in Romania stagnated in the 1990s, unlike neighboring countries.
  • Limited research exists on Romanian mortality patterns post-transition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Describe life expectancy trends in Romania after the 1989 political transition.
  • Evaluate the impact of deaths from various causes and age groups on these trends.

Main Methods:

  • Life expectancy decomposition by age and cause of death using 1990, 1996, and 1998 mortality data.
  • Comparative analysis of age-specific, sex-specific, and cause-specific death rates.

Main Results:

  • Life expectancy at birth decreased by 1.71 years for men and 0.54 years for women between 1990-1996.

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  • Increased mortality from cardiovascular and digestive diseases (cirrhosis) in middle-aged and elderly populations drove the decline.
  • A 1998 recovery (1.12 years for men, 0.89 for women) was linked to reduced cardiovascular deaths in older groups.
  • While infant mortality decreased, mortality in the 5-9 age group rose by 40%, primarily due to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

    • Conclusions:

    • This study is the first to detail Romanian life expectancy changes post-transition.
    • Romania shows signs of improving adult mortality, mirroring its neighbors.
    • Unique to Eastern Europe, Romania faces rising childhood mortality attributed to a pediatric Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic resulting from 1980s policies.