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Human infections with Angiostrongylus cantonensis
1Family and Community Medicine, Maine Dartmouth Family Practice Residency, 4 Sheridan Drive, Fairfield, Maine 04937, USA.
Pacific Health Dialog
|May 23, 2002
Summary
Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a parasite causing eosinophilic meningitis, is prevalent in Pacific islands. Transmission occurs through consuming contaminated raw foods, necessitating diagnostic consideration for neurological symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Parasitology
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm) is a significant cause of eosinophilic meningitis.
- The parasite is endemic to Pacific islands, with rats as primary hosts and snails as intermediate hosts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the neurotropic nature of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in humans.
- To emphasize diagnostic considerations and treatment approaches for eosinophilic meningitis caused by this parasite.
Main Methods:
- Review of known transmission routes and clinical presentations.
- Analysis of diagnostic indicators such as cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia.
- Discussion of therapeutic strategies for mild and severe cases.
Main Results:
- Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection presents with neurological symptoms including severe headache and cranial nerve palsies.
- Eosinophils in cerebrospinal fluid are a key diagnostic marker.
- Mild cases respond to analgesia, while severe cases have controversial treatment options.
Conclusions:
- Diagnosis of Angiostrongylus cantonensis should be considered in endemic areas with compatible neurological symptoms.
- Effective management strategies for severe cases require further investigation and consensus.