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Published on: July 3, 2013
The spectrum of chronic renal failure among Jordanian children
1Department of Pediatrics, Jordan University Hospital, Amman. hamedr@index.com.jo
Insights
Chronic renal failure (CRF) in Jordanian children is primarily caused by urological issues and hereditary disorders. The high incidence and prevalence of pediatric CRF in Jordan necessitate further investigation and intervention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Renal Medicine
- Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases
Background:
- Chronic renal failure (CRF) etiology varies globally.
- This study examines renal disorders leading to CRF in Jordanian children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes and characteristics of CRF in Jordanian pediatric patients.
- To estimate the incidence and prevalence of pediatric CRF in Jordan.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 202 Jordanian children with CRF (July 1988 - April 2001).
- Data collected on age at onset, follow-up duration, and causes of CRF.
- Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated.
Main Results:
- Urological abnormalities (42.1%) and hereditary disorders (29.7%) were the leading causes of CRF.
- Glomerulonephritis (GN) accounted for 14.4%, with a lower incidence than in Western countries.
- Prevalence was 51 per million population; incidence was 10.7 new cases per million child population annually.
Conclusions:
- High rates of hereditary CRF linked to parental consanguinity.
- Non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder was notably prevalent.
- Pediatric CRF incidence and prevalence in Jordan are high compared to international data.
Background:
The causes of chronic renal failure (CRF) vary from one country to another. In this study we reviewed our experience with the different types of renal disorders leading to CRF in Jordanian children.
Methods:
We investigated CRF in 202 Jordanian children (113 males and 89 females) who presented to the Jordan University Hospital, Amman, in the period from July 1988 to April 2001. The mean age at onset of CRF was 7.5 +/- 3.9 years. Patients were followed for 0.6-12.6 years (mean 6.3 years).
Results:
The causes of CRF included urological abnormalities and malformations (42.1%), hereditary renal disorders (29.7%), glomerulonephritis (GN)(14.4%), renal hypo- or dysplasia (5%), hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) (4.5%), and idiopathic (4.5%). Forty-nine patients required renal replacement therapy, most of them with peritoneal dialysis. Nine patients have undergone renal transplantation. We estimated the prevalence of CRF in children in Jordan to be 51 per million population, and the incidence as 10.7 new cases per million-child population per year.
Conclusion:
The high rate of hereditary disorders in our series is attributed to the high prevalence of parental consanguinity in our community. There was a striking number of patients with non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder in our study. The relative incidence of GN leading to CRF in Jordan is lower than in Europe and North America. The relative incidence of the other causes of CRF in our series is similar to many other countries. The incidence and prevalence of CRF in children in Jordan is high compared to other countries.
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