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Extracellular peptidase activity tunes motor pattern modulation.

Debra E Wood1, Michael P Nusbaum

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6074, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
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Extracellular peptidases shape neural circuit outputs. Blocking aminopeptidase activity made distinct neuron actions more similar, revealing how peptidases enable unique peptide signaling in neuronal circuits.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurophysiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Neuropeptides modulate neuronal circuits but can diffuse widely.
  • Extracellular peptidases regulate neuropeptide signaling by limiting diffusion and terminating actions.
  • Projection neurons can release the same neuropeptide but elicit distinct circuit outputs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how extracellular peptidase activity influences neuropeptidergic modulation of neuronal circuits.
  • To test if differential aminopeptidase activity on proctolin underlies distinct actions of MCN1 and MPN neurons.
  • To understand the role of peptidases in enabling unique neuronal circuit outputs from shared neuropeptide transmitters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the pyloric circuit in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab Cancer borealis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examined the actions of modulatory commissural neuron 1 (MCN1) and modulatory proctolin neuron (MPN).
  • Assessed the impact of blocking aminopeptidase activity on neuronal circuit responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified that MCN1 and MPN neurons co-release proctolin and GABA, with MCN1 also releasing CabTRP Ia.
    • Found that CabTRP Ia does not fully account for the distinct actions of MCN1 and MPN.
    • Observed that blocking aminopeptidase activity in the STG makes the pyloric circuit responses to MCN1 and MPN more similar.

    Conclusions:

    • Extracellular peptidase activity significantly sculpts neuropeptidergic actions on neuronal circuits.
    • Differential aminopeptidase activity on proctolin contributes to distinct projection neuron outputs.
    • Peptidases enable projection neurons to utilize the same neuropeptide transmitter for diverse circuit modulation.