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[Historical aspects of multiple sclerosis].

M A Moreira1, C P Tilbery, M A Lana-Peixoto

  • 1Disciplina de Neurologia, Santa Casa, São Paulo SP, Brasil. drmarcosmoreira@uol.com.br

Revista De Neurologia
|May 22, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disease. This review covers key historical events and advancements in understanding MS, a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Context:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent central nervous system (CNS) disorder affecting young adults, particularly in temperate climates.
  • Historical records suggest possible cases dating back to the 13th century, with systematic scientific study commencing in the late 19th century.
  • Early pathological documentation by Carswell and Cruveilhier, and clinical descriptions by Charcot, laid the groundwork for MS research.

Purpose:

  • To review the principal and most significant historical events in the global pursuit of knowledge regarding multiple sclerosis.
  • To provide an overview of the evolution of understanding MS, from early observations to modern therapeutic approaches.

Summary:

  • MS is characterized by inflammation and chronic demyelination, postulated to be a cell-mediated autoimmune disease targeting CNS myelin.

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  • Despite proposed infectious agents and defined genetic susceptibility, the exact etiology of MS remains elusive.
  • Advancements in diagnostic criteria, disability scales, and imaging, alongside treatments like corticosteroids and disease-modifying agents (interferon beta, glatiramer acetate), have significantly impacted MS research and patient care.

    • Impact:

    • This review highlights the progression of MS research, underscoring the importance of historical context in understanding current scientific endeavors.
    • It emphasizes the transition from merely describing the disease to actively intervening with treatments that modify its course.
    • The paper serves as a foundational resource for researchers and clinicians seeking to comprehend the trajectory of MS knowledge and treatment.