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Related Experiment Videos

Reduced frontal white matter integrity in cocaine dependence: a controlled diffusion tensor imaging study.

Kelvin O Lim1, Steven J Choi, Nunzio Pomara

  • 1Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA.

Biological Psychiatry
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Cocaine dependence is linked to reduced white matter integrity in the frontal lobe. Diffusion tensor imaging revealed significantly lower fractional anisotropy in cocaine-dependent individuals, suggesting impaired brain connectivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Cocaine dependence is associated with white matter (WM) abnormalities and frontal lobe functional deficits.
  • Previous studies noted T2 signal hyperintensities and metabolite changes in WM.
  • The impact of cocaine dependence on frontal WM microstructure remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of cocaine dependence on the integrity of frontal white matter.
  • To examine microstructural changes in the frontal lobe of individuals with cocaine dependence.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to assess white matter integrity.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in frontal WM at multiple levels relative to the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) plane.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared FA values between 12 cocaine-dependent patients and 13 control subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Cocaine-dependent patients exhibited significantly reduced FA in frontal WM at the AC-PC plane.
    • A trend toward reduced FA was observed 5 mm below the AC-PC plane in the patient group.
    • These findings indicate compromised white matter integrity in the frontal regions of cocaine-dependent individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Cocaine dependence is associated with alterations in frontal white matter microstructure.
    • Findings support the hypothesis of impaired orbitofrontal connectivity in cocaine dependence.
    • These microstructural changes may underlie decision-making deficits observed in the disorder.