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Related Experiment Videos

Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall.

Melenda D Jeter1, Pasi A Jänne, Sarah Brooks

  • 1Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics
|May 23, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Radiation recall, a rare side effect of gemcitabine chemotherapy, can occur in any previously irradiated site, including the central nervous system. Physicians should monitor for this toxicity and discontinue gemcitabine if observed.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Radiation recall is an uncommon adverse reaction where previously irradiated tissues acutely react to systemic treatments.
  • Gemcitabine is a widely used chemotherapy agent, but its association with radiation recall in diverse sites is not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report six cases of radiation recall occurring in unique anatomical locations following gemcitabine chemotherapy.
  • To highlight the potential for gemcitabine to induce radiation recall beyond cutaneous sites, including the central nervous system.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical presentations and outcomes in six patients experiencing radiation recall.
  • Review of literature to compare findings with previously reported cases of gemcitabine-induced radiation recall.

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Main Results:

  • Radiation recall reactions were observed in the central nervous system, skin, gastrointestinal tract, lymphatic, and musculoskeletal systems.
  • Reactions occurred between 3 weeks and 8 months after initiating gemcitabine, typically at a dose of 1000 mg/m(2) weekly.
  • Three patients showed minimal improvement, and three experienced resolution with gemcitabine discontinuation and supportive care.

Conclusions:

  • Gemcitabine-induced radiation recall is rare but can manifest in any previously irradiated area.
  • Central nervous system radiation recall has not been previously reported with gemcitabine.
  • Clinicians must be vigilant for radiation recall as a potential toxicity of gemcitabine and radiation therapy, and consider discontinuing gemcitabine if it occurs.