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Toxicity of adipic acid.
1Haskell Laboratory, DuPont Company, 1090 Elkton Road, Newark, DE 19714, USA.
Drug and Chemical Toxicology
|May 25, 2002
Summary
Adipic acid exhibits low acute toxicity and is not a skin sensitizer. While it can cause mild eye and respiratory irritation, it shows no genetic or developmental toxicity in animal studies.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Environmental Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Adipic acid is a widely used industrial chemical.
- Understanding its toxicological profile is crucial for risk assessment and safety guidelines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively evaluate the toxicological properties of adipic acid.
- To assess acute and chronic toxicity, irritation, sensitization, genotoxicity, and developmental effects.
Main Methods:
- Acute toxicity testing (LD50) in rats.
- Skin and eye irritation/sensitization studies in guinea pigs and rabbits.
- Subchronic feeding study in rats.
- Genotoxicity assays.
- Developmental toxicity studies in multiple species.
- Ecotoxicity testing on aquatic organisms.
Main Results:
- Very low acute toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg in rats).
- No skin sensitization; mild to no skin irritation.
- Mild conjunctival irritation and minimal iritis in rabbit eyes; no corneal effects.
- Potential for respiratory and nasal mucous membrane irritation from dust.
- No genotoxicity or developmental toxicity observed across tested species.
- Slight to moderate toxicity in aquatic organisms (fish, daphnia, algae).
Conclusions:
- Adipic acid demonstrates a favorable safety profile regarding acute toxicity, skin sensitization, genotoxicity, and developmental effects.
- Mild irritant effects on eyes and respiratory tract warrant appropriate handling precautions.
- Environmental toxicity to aquatic life is noted and requires consideration in discharge regulations.