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The effect of testing procedure on remember-know judgments.

Laura L Eldridge1, Stacey Sarfatti, Barbara J Knowlton

  • 1University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1563, USA.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|May 25, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Remember-know (R-K) judgments assess recollection. A two-step process, involving an initial old-new judgment before R-K, improved accuracy compared to a one-step method, especially when a guess option was available.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Remember-know (R-K) judgments are standard for evaluating conscious recollection during recognition memory tasks.
  • The distinction between 'remember' (recollection) and 'know' (familiarity) is crucial for understanding memory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different testing procedures for R-K judgments affect the accuracy and interpretation of memory responses.
  • To determine if the availability of a 'guess' option influences the reliability of R-K judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were divided into one-step (direct R-K-new judgment) and two-step (old-new judgment followed by R-K) conditions.
  • The impact of including a 'guess' response option on R-K judgments was examined.

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Main Results:

  • The one-step group exhibited higher R hit rates and K false alarm rates than the two-step group.
  • K responses in the one-step condition were less effective at discriminating old from new items.
  • Both groups showed improved discrimination with K responses when a 'guess' option was available, but the two-step method remained more accurate.
  • R responses were largely unaffected by the testing procedure when a 'guess' option was present.

Conclusions:

  • The 'remember' response can reliably signify a distinct form of recognition memory under specific conditions, particularly when participants can use a 'guess' response.
  • Providing a 'guess' option may encourage participants to reserve R-K judgments for highly confident recognitions.
  • Without a 'guess' option, participants might use the R-K distinction to indicate memory trace strength rather than recollection certainty.