Cellular actions of Al at low (1.25 microM) concentrations in primary oligodendrocyte culture

At a physiologically relevant concentration (1.25 microM), aluminum had an activating effect on oligodendrocyte cell cultures, similar to that previously reported for other cell types. G protein-linked signal transduction was stimulated as indicated by enhanced production of IP3, and protein synthesis was increased. At this concentration Al did not promote cell damage but did enhance oxidative effects initiated by reactive oxygen species. Both AlCl(3) and Al transferrin (AlTf) had similar actions at equimolar concentrations. In vivo, physiological Al ion may act by common cellular pathways in diverse cell types. These effects may be relevant to Al toxicological, pharmacological (immunoadjuvant), and physiological effects.