Neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neurology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
• Ocular and neurological involvement are common complications.

Observation:

• A patient presented with a rare combination of ocular findings including uveitis, optic disc edema, macular edema, and peripheral periphlebitis.
• The patient also exhibited neurological symptoms and skin manifestations.

Findings:

• Retinal examination revealed characteristic "candle-wax spots" and nerve fiber layer defects.
• Fluorescein angiography showed hyperfluorescence in specific retinal lesions.
• Unilateral internal ophthalmoplegia, a very rare finding, was noted.

Implications:

• This case underscores the diverse ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis.
• Prompt diagnosis and prolonged corticosteroid therapy are crucial for managing sarcoidosis retinopathy.
• Further research into the pathogenesis of neurosarcoidosis and its ocular manifestations is warranted.