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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple archaeal groups mediate methane oxidation in anoxic cold seep sediments.

Victoria J Orphan1, Christopher H House, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs

  • 1Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 29, 2002
PubMed
Summary

No anaerobic methane-eating microbes have been cultured, but this study identifies ANME-1 and ANME-2 archaea in marine sediments, confirming their role in anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). This reveals diverse microbial interactions in methane consumption.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Geochemistry
  • Marine Science

Background:

  • Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is crucial for carbon cycling in marine environments.
  • Previously, microbes responsible for AOM were inferred from field observations and isotopic analyses.
  • Specific archaeal groups (ANME-1, ANME-2) and bacteria were implicated but not definitively identified in situ.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly identify and characterize microorganisms involved in anaerobic methane oxidation in marine seep sediments.
  • To investigate the physical associations and potential roles of different microbial groups in AOM.
  • To determine if known consortia are the sole mediators of AOM.

Main Methods:

  • Combined fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analyses.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Stable isotope analysis of lipid biomarkers.
  • rRNA gene surveys.

    • Main Results:

    • Direct evidence for the involvement of ANME-1 and ANME-2 archaea in AOM at marine methane seeps.
    • Observed ANME archaea in various associations: with bacteria, as monospecific aggregations, and as single cells.
    • Identified bacteria, including relatives of Desulfosarcina, associated with ANME archaea.
    • Isotopic data indicated activity in both monospecific archaeal forms and multispecies consortia.
    • Demonstrated that ANME-2/Desulfosarcina consortia are not the only mediators of AOM.

    Conclusions:

    • Microbial species and interactions mediating AOM are diverse and complex.
    • ANME-1 archaea contribute to anaerobic methane consumption independently or in various consortia.
    • The study expands our understanding of microbial roles in the global methane cycle.