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Related Experiment Videos

Adaptive changes after human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission.

Victoria A Lawson1, Robert Oelrichs, Christophe Guillon

  • 1AIDS Cellular Biology Unit and National Centre in HIV Virology Research, Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Fairfield, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3078. vlawson@niad.nih.gov

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|May 31, 2002
PubMed
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During primary HIV-1 infection, viral replication changes occur post-seroconversion. Immune responses, particularly antibodies, appear to drive selection of specific human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) involves a viremic phase preceding immune responses.
  • Resolution of viremia typically correlates with developing humoral and cellular immunity.
  • Understanding viral evolution during PHI is crucial for therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate viral quasispecies evolution in an individual with primary HIV-1 infection.
  • To analyze the impact of immune responses on HIV-1 selection post-transmission.
  • To characterize the phenotypic and genotypic changes in HIV-1 clones.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and derivation of replication-competent HIV-1 quasispecies before and after seroconversion.
  • Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of biological and molecular clones.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Env trans-complementation assays to assess infectivity in the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
  • Analysis of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution ratios to predict selective pressure.

    • Main Results:

    • Transmission of an R5/M-tropic HIV-1 phenotype was identified.
    • Replication of recipient-derived clones in macrophages and PBMCs was restricted post-transmission.
    • Selective pressure, indicated by substitution ratios, emerged soon after transmission, coinciding with antibody development.
    • An Env trans-complementation assay showed enhanced infectivity of post-seroconversion clones with a specific neutralizing antibody.

    Conclusions:

    • The developing humoral immune response likely contributes to the selective pressure observed during primary HIV-1 infection.
    • HIV-1 evolution post-transmission involves selection driven, at least in part, by host immunity.
    • These findings highlight the dynamic interplay between HIV-1 and the host immune system during early infection.