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Weight-gain patterns from prepregnancy until delivery among women in Central Java, Indonesia
Anna Winkvist1, Hans Stenlund, Mohammad Hakimi
1Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. anna.winkvist@epiph.umu.se
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|May 31, 2002
Summary
Many Indonesian women gain insufficient weight during pregnancy, often starting with poor nutrition. This insufficient pregnancy weight gain is linked to adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns in rural Indonesia.
Area of Science:
- Maternal and Child Health
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Global Public Health
Background:
- Limited data exists on pregnancy weight gain in developing nations.
- Challenges include population-based sampling and longitudinal data collection.
- This study addresses the data gap in rural Indonesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify pregnancy weight gain patterns in rural Indonesian women.
- To assess weight gain from pre-pregnancy through postpartum.
- To identify factors associated with pregnancy weight gain.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study enrolled 846 pregnant women in Purworejo District, Central Java.
- Monthly weight monitoring was conducted throughout pregnancy.
- Pre-pregnancy and postpartum data were available for 251 women with live births.
Main Results:
- 16.7% of women had chronic energy deficiency; 10.0% were obese pre-pregnancy.
- Mean total pregnancy weight gain was 8.3 kg; 79% did not meet recommendations.
- Weight gain rates varied by trimester, peaking in the second trimester.
Conclusions:
- Many Indonesian women enter pregnancy with suboptimal nutritional status.
- Insufficient total pregnancy weight gain is common in this population.
- This likely contributes to adverse maternal and newborn health outcomes.