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[Ventilatory adaptations for breath holding in divers].
P Delapille1, E Verin, C Tourny-Chollet
1Centre d'Etudes des transformations des APS, Faculté des Sciences du Sport et de l'Education Physique de Rouen, Université de Rouen France.
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|June 1, 2002
Summary
Divers can extend breath-hold duration through training, which reduces sensitivity to carbon dioxide (CO2) and delays muscle contractions. This adaptation improves breath-holding capacity by modifying the breaking point and increasing time underwater.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Environmental Medicine
Context:
- Breath-hold diving involves complex physiological responses.
- Understanding factors influencing breath-hold duration is crucial for diver safety and performance.
Purpose:
- To explore the multifactorial determinants of breath-hold duration in divers.
- To explain breathing control mechanisms during apnea using established models.
Summary:
- Breath-hold duration is influenced by mechanical (lung volumes), chemical (hypoxia, hypercapnia), non-chemical (muscular contractions), psychological, and extrinsic factors.
- Training induces adaptations, decreasing CO2 sensitivity and minimizing involuntary respiratory muscle contractions, thereby increasing breath-hold duration.
- Models by Godfrey & Campbell, Courteix, and Delapille attempt to elucidate breathing control during apnea.
Impact:
- Provides insights into physiological adaptations for extended breath-holding.
- Enhances understanding of breathing control in both divers and non-divers under apneic conditions.